The 21-year-old spent the first half of the season at FC Jumilla, where he made 15 appearances, before returning to Wolverhampton earlier this month.
Stevenson has been on the books of Wolves for 12 months, having joined from Coventry City last January.
However, the majority of that time was spent out on loan at Jumilla and Colchester, where he now moves permanently.
Stevenson is in line to make his latest Colchester debut against Northampton Town on Saturday.
Elsewhere, Aaron Collins has left Wolves by mutual consent. The forward joined the club from Newport County in 2016, but now moves on for a new challenge.
Wolves would like to wish Ben and Aaron the best of luck in the future.